{"id":14390,"date":"2025-07-15T13:00:12","date_gmt":"2025-07-15T11:00:12","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/uj.adatbank.ro\/lexikon\/termek\/maior-petru-%c2%a7\/"},"modified":"2025-07-15T13:00:12","modified_gmt":"2025-07-15T11:00:12","slug":"maior-petru-%c2%a7","status":"publish","type":"product","link":"https:\/\/uj.adatbank.ro\/lexikon\/termek\/maior-petru-%c2%a7\/","title":{"rendered":"MAIOR, Petru, \u00a7"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Mez\u0151kapus, 1760 k., \u2020 Buda, 1821. febr. 14.: t\u00f6rt\u00e9n\u00e9sz, filol\u00f3gus, \u00edr\u00f3, g\u00f6r\u00f6g kat. esperes. \u2013 Apja M. Gheorghe esperes volt Ny\u00e1r\u00e1dt\u0151 k\u00f6rzetben, Mv.-en \u00e9lt, innen ker\u00fclt Mez\u0151kapusra pl\u00e9b\u00e1nosnak (1762). Mez\u0151kapuson t\u00f6lt\u00f6tte gyermek\u00e9veit, de gyakran tart\u00f3zkodott B\u00e1rdoson is, ahol apai nagyapja \u00e9s nagyn\u00e9nje lakott. Mv.-en a r. k. gimn\u00e1ziumban (1769\u201372), Kv.-on \u00e9s Bal\u00e1zsfalv\u00e1n tanult. R\u00f3m\u00e1ban a Collegium de Propaganda Fide int\u00e9zetben filoz\u00f3fi\u00e1t \u00e9s teol\u00f3gi\u00e1t tanult Sincai-al egy\u00fctt (1774\u201379), megny\u00edlt el\u0151tte a gazdag vatik\u00e1ni k\u00f6nyvt\u00e1r, itt fogalmaz\u00f3dott meg a d\u00e1ko-rom\u00e1n elm\u00e9lete; egy \u00e9vet B\u00e9csben egyh\u00e1zjog tanulm\u00e1nyoz\u00e1s\u00e1val t\u00f6lt\u00f6tt. Bal\u00e1zsfalv\u00e1n papp\u00e1 szentelt\u00e9k \u00e9s szerzetes lett, kolostorba vonult, ahol kedvenc tanulm\u00e1nyainak a t\u00f6rt\u00e9nelemnek \u00e9s a nyelv\u00e9szetnek \u00e9lt (1780\u201384). G\u00f6rg\u00e9nyi esperes (1784\u201392). Mv.-en polg\u00e1rjogot nyert (1808). P\u00fcsp\u00f6ki felhatalmaz\u00e1ssal \u00e9s f\u0151korm\u00e1nysz\u00e9ki rendelettel hitt\u00e9r\u00edt\u0151i tev\u00e9kenys\u00e9get folytatott, feladata volt meggy\u0151zni a mv.-i ortodoxokat hogy visszat\u00e9rjenek a g. kat egyh\u00e1zba (1782). Ennek \u00e9rdek\u00e9ben hathetes hitoktat\u00e1st szervezett (1782; 1785), m\u00e1sodik alkalommal nem \u00e9rt el eredm\u00e9nyt ami\u00e9rt a v\u00e1rosi tan\u00e1csot hib\u00e1ztatta p\u00fcsp\u00f6ke el\u0151tt. Miut\u00e1n templomuk le\u00e9gett \u00e9s az iskol\u00e1t sem voltak k\u00e9pesek fenntartani Ioan Bob p\u00fcsp\u00f6k utas\u00edt\u00e1s\u00e1ra \u00e1thelyezt\u00e9k az iskol\u00e1t Magyarr\u00e9genbe, ahol m\u00e1r P. M. esperesk\u00e9nt m\u0171k\u00f6d\u00f6tt (1785\u20131809. m\u00e1rc. 18) \u00e9s Abaf\u00e1ja fel\u00fcgyel\u0151je volt, 47 helys\u00e9g tartozott hivatal\u00e1hoz. G\u00f6rg\u00e9nyben az \u00e1ltala alap\u00edtott g\u00f6r. kat. fatemplom van, Toader mester ikonjaival. K\u00e9r\u00e9ssel fordult Ioab Bob p\u00fcsp\u00f6kh\u00f6z, hogy enged\u00e9lyezze egy k\u0151templom \u00e9p\u00edt\u00e9s\u00e9t Sz\u00e1szr\u00e9genben, a g. kat. Szenth\u00e1roms\u00e1g kegytemplom, az els\u0151 r\u00e9geni rom\u00e1n k\u0151templom fel is \u00e9p\u00fclt a v\u00e1ros gazdag polg\u00e1rainak seg\u00edts\u00e9g\u00e9vel (1804\u201311), a tornya k\u00e9s\u0151bb k\u00e9sz\u00fclt el (1817), (ez, a g. kat vall\u00e1s betilt\u00e1sa ut\u00e1n, 1948, az ortodox egyh\u00e1z birtok\u00e1ba jutott). Egyh\u00e1zjogot tan\u00edtott Bal\u00e1zsfalv\u00e1n egy \u00e9vig, majd visszat\u00e9rt Sz\u00e1szr\u00e9genbe.Sehogy sem tudott kij\u00f6nni Bob p\u00fcsp\u00f6kkel, megv\u00e1lt pl\u00e9b\u00e1ni\u00e1j\u00e1t\u00f3l, Bud\u00e1ra ker\u00fclt a cs. kir. nyomd\u00e1ba, a rom\u00e1n nyelv\u0171 k\u00f6nyvek cenzor\u00e1nak \u00e9s korrektor\u00e1nak, ezt a tiszts\u00e9get hal\u00e1l\u00e1ig t\u00f6lt\u00f6tte be (1808\u201321). Az \u00edr\u00e1s \u00e9s az alkot\u00e1s \u00e9vei voltak ezek, sokat publik\u00e1lt. Hal\u00e1la el\u0151tt v\u00e9grendeletileg alap\u00edtv\u00e1nyt tett a mv.-i R. K. Gimn.-ban tanul\u00f3 g. \u00e9s r. k.at ifjak sz\u00e1m\u00e1ra, f\u0151leg akik f\u00e9rfi \u00e1gon rokonai, lesz\u00e1rmazottai \u00e9s ut\u00f3dai (1821). A bp-i egyetem rom\u00e1n hallgat\u00f3i \u00f6nk\u00e9pz\u0151k\u00f6ri egyes\u00fcletet l\u00e9tes\u00edtettek Maior P\u00e9ter Egyes\u00fclet n\u00e9ven (1862). A magyarr\u00e9geni ortodox temet\u0151ben l\u00e9v\u0151 g. kat. fatemplomot (\u00e9p\u00fclt 1744.) P. M. templomnak nevezik. Mellszobrot \u00e1ll\u00edtottak neki Sz\u00e1szr\u00e9genben \u00e9s Mv.-en (2001), a r\u00e9geni l\u00edc. (1919\u2013), a V\u00e1rosi K\u00f6nyvt\u00e1r \u00e9s a mv.-i egyetem is \u0151rzi nev\u00e9t. Mv.-en a g. kat. k\u0151templom \u00e9s az els\u0151 mv.-i g. kat. rom\u00e1n nyelv\u0171 elemi iskola (Andrei \u015eaguna, 9.sz.), ahol m\u0171k\u00f6d\u00f6tt P. M., \u201eB\u201d kateg\u00f3ri\u00e1s m\u0171eml\u00e9k. Mv.-en utca viseli a nev\u00e9t. \u2013 <strong>F. m.:<\/strong> Propovedanii la \u00eengrop\u0103ciunea oamenilor mor\u0163i (Buda, 1809; Cluj, 1906); Didahii, adic\u0103 \u00eenv\u0103\u0163\u0103turi la toate duminicile \u015fi s\u0103rb\u0103torile anului (Buda, 1809); Prediche sau \u00eenv\u0103\u0163\u0103turi la toate duminicile \u015fi s\u0103rb\u0103torile anului (Buda, 1810\u20131811); Discussio descriptionis Valachorum transylvanorum editae patrioticis paginis No-ris 83, 84, 85 (Viena, 1811); Istoria pentru \u00eenceputul rom\u00e2nilor \u00een Dakia (Buda, 1812; 1834; Buc., 1971; Ia\u015fi, 1990); Istoria Besearecei Rom\u00e2nilor at\u00e2t a cestor din coace, precum \u015fi a celor dincolo de Dun\u0103re (Buda, 1813; Istoria Bisericii rom\u00e2nilor; Buc., 1995); Animadversiones in recensionem Historiae\u00a0\u201cDe Origine Valachorum\u201d (Buda, 1814); R\u0103spunsul la c\u00e2rtirea carea s-au dat asupra persoanei lui Petru Maior, autorului Istoriei ceii pentru \u00eenceputul rom\u00e2nilor din Dachia (Buda, 1814; Cluj, 1923); R\u0103spunsul la c\u00e2rtirea carea s-au dat asupra persoanei lui P. Maior autorului Istoriei ceii pentru \u00eenceputul rom\u00e2nilor \u00een Dachia (Cluj, 1929); Reflexiones in responsum Domini recensentis viernnesis ad Animadversiones in recensionem Historiae de origine Valahorum in Dacia (Buda, 1815); Contemplatio recensionis in Valachicam anticriticam&#8230; (Buda, 1816); Dialogu pentru \u00eenceputul limbei rom\u00e2ne \u00eentre nepot \u015fi unchiu (Buda, 1818; Buc., s.a.); Ortographia romana sive latino-valachica una cum clavi&#8230; (Buda, 1819); Lexicon rom\u00e2nesc-l\u0103tinesc-unguresc-nem\u0163esc (Buda, 1825); Petru Maior la centenarul mor\u0163ii sale (Buc., 1921); Scrieri 1\u20132.(Buc., 1976); Scripta minora: Ars literaria, Animadversiones, Epistolarium, Ultimae (Buc., 1997); Protopopadichia (Alba Iulia, 1998); <strong>K\u00e9ziratban:<\/strong> Despre datoria p\u00e2rin\u0163ilor de a \u015fi educa copi\u00ee bine. (Nevel\u00e9si munka a sz\u00fcl\u0151k k\u00f6teless\u00e9geir\u0151l gyermekeik nevel\u00e9se k\u00f6r\u00fcl); <strong>antol\u00f3g.:<\/strong> Bassarabescu, Ioan A. Antologia scriitorilor rom\u00e2ni (Buc., s.a.); Crestoma\u0163ie rom\u00e2n\u0103 Chrestomathie Roumaine (Buc., 1891), Lupa\u015f, Ioan : Lecturi din izvoarele istoriei rom\u00e2ne (Buc., 1928); Torou\u0163iu Ilie E : Studii \u015fi documente literare (Buc., 1931\u201346); Despre vechimea \u015fi comunitatea rom\u00e2nilor: Samuil Micu, Gheorghe \u015eincai, Petru Maior (Buc., 1989); Istoria poeziei rom\u00e2ne de la 1570 la 1830. 1\u20132. (Buc., 1993); C\u0103r\u0163i rom\u00e2ne\u015fti: Predoslovii (Craiova, 1994); Limba rom\u00een\u0103: Scriitori rom\u00e2ni despre limb\u0103 \u015fi literatur\u0103 (Buc., 1997); Limbaj \u015fi art\u0103 literar\u0103 \u00een opera scriitorilor rom\u00e2ni (Buc., 1997); ford: Telemac (Buda, 1809); Fenelon: \u00cent\u00eempl\u0103rile lui Telemah fiullui lui Ulise (Buda, 1818); Protocanon (\u00a0?, 1894); Istoria Bisericii A lui Ioan Bob; Feneleon: Prediche sau \u00eenv\u0103\u0163\u0103tur\u0103 la toate duminecele pentru miercuri; Fenelon: \u00cent\u00eempl\u0103rile lui Telemah. = \u015ecoala Ardelean\u0103 (Cluj-N., 1977). <br \/><strong>Irod.:<\/strong> Albu; Almanahul Societet\u0103\u0163ii Academice Petru Maior (Cluj, 1929); Anivers. Cult. 1.k.(1987, 1996); Avram, Monica: Tipografia rom\u00e2neasc\u0103 de la Buda \u00een timpul cenzoratului lui P. M. (Libraria, 4., 2005.); Avram, Monica: Triada ardelean\u0103 \u2013 Samuil Micu, Gheorghe \u015eincai, Peru Maior \u2013 \u00een colec\u0163iile Bibliotecii Jude\u0163ene Mure\u015f (Libraria, 6., 2007); B\u00edr\u00f3, D\u00f3n\u00e1t; Bitay A: Istoria literaturii rom\u00e2ne (Cluj, 1925); Bota, Sorina; Breazu Ion: Literatura Transilvaniei (Buc., 1944); Carda\u015f, Gheorghe: Istoria literaturii rom\u00e2ne\u015fti (Buc., 1938); C\u0103linescu G. : Istoria literaturii rom\u00e2ne (Buc., 1934, 1941); Chiorean 2008; Cerbulescu, N.: Dintr-ale neamului rom. (Sibiu, 1927); Com\u015fa; Com\u015fa\u2013Seiceanu; Cosma; Cr\u0103ciun, Ioachim : Bio-bibliografia d.-lui A. Lep\u0103datu (Buc., 1936); Datcu; David, N. : \u015ecoala Ardelean\u0103 (Buc., s.a.); Densu\u015fianu O : Literatura rom\u00e2n\u0103 modern\u0103 (Buc., 1920, 1925, 1929, 1943); Domokos 1966; Domokos 1978; DGLR; DSR; Duicu, Serafim: Pe urmele lui P. M. (Buc., 1990); EMP; Encicl. Rom.; F\u00fcl\u00f6p\u2013Ferencz; G\u00e1ldi L\u00e1szl\u00f3: Geschichte der Rum\u00e4nan (Bp., 1942); G\u00e1ldi L\u00e1szl\u00f3: L\u2019 Influence de la civilisation hongroise sur activit\u00e9 scientifique des roumains de Transylvanie (Paris, s.a.); G\u00e1ldi L\u00e1szl\u00f3: Siebenb\u00fcrgen im Aufbau der ungarischen Kultur (Bp.-Leipzig-Milano, s.a.); Gazeta Reghinului (1990\/3; 1994\/ 12; 1995\/ 3); Gurghiul; Hane\u015f, Petre: Studii \u015fi cercet\u0103ri (Buc., s.a.); Hodo\u015f Enea: Elemente de istoria literaturii (Nagyszeben, 1912); Hodo\u015f Enea: Manual de istoria literaturii rom\u00e2ne (Caransebe\u015f, 1893); Homan; Hotv\u00e1th Jen\u0151 : Erd\u00e9ly t\u00f6rt\u00e9nete (Bp., s.a.); Id\u0151t\u00e1r 1; Iorga N.: Istoria literaturii rom\u00e2ne\u015ft (Buc., 1933); Jancs\u00f3 Benedek : Erd\u00e9ly t\u00f6rt\u00e9nete (Kv., 1931); L\u0103z\u0103riciu Ion: Istoria literaturei rom\u00e2ne (Sibiu, 1892); Longhin Constantin: Istoria literaturii rom\u00e2ne (Cern\u0103u\u0163i, 1942); Die Literaturen des Ostens (Berlin-Paris-Leipzig, 1906); Lupa\u015f, Ioan: Cronicari \u015fi istorici rom\u00e2ni din Transilvania (Craiova, 1933; Cluj-Sibiu, 1941); M. okl. Rom.; M\u00e1ln\u00e1si; Marczali Henrik: Erd\u00e9ly t\u00f6rt\u00e9nete (Bp., 1935); Marian Liviu: Contribu\u0163iuni la istoria literaturii rom\u00e2ne\u015fti din veacul al XIX-lea (Chi\u015fin\u0103u, 1927); Megy\u00e9nk nagy sz\u00fcl\u00f6tte P. M. (A rom\u00e1n n\u00e9p t\u00f6rt\u00e9n\u00e9sze\/ Valeriu Laz\u0103r; A kor felvil\u00e1gosult embere \/ Iulia En\u0103chescu; Kapcsolatai a m. irodalommal \/ Kicsi Antal; Hamisitatlan \u00edr\u00e1sm\u0171v\u00e9szet \/Serafim Duicu; V. Z., 1971. febr. 13.); Moldov\u00e1n Gergely: A rom\u00e1ns\u00e1g (Nagybecskerek, 1895); Mur\u0103ra\u015fu, Dumitru: Istoria literaturii rom\u00e2ne (Buc., 1943); Mv.-Bal\u00e1s; Nedioglu, Gh.: Istoria literaturii rom\u00e2ne moderne (Buc., s.a.); Netea, V.: Dela P. Maior la Octavian Goga (Buc., 1944); Netea, V.: Figuri ardelene (Buc., 1943); Netea, V.: Figuri mure\u015fene (Tg. Mure\u015f, 1933); Netea, V.: Sub stindardul Astrei (Reghin, 1939); Omagiu lui Ioan Lupa\u015f (Buc., 1943); Ortiz Ramiro: Per Storia della Cultura Italiana in Rumania (Buc, 1916), P\u00e1l-Antal 2006; P\u00e1l-Antal 2009; Pallas; Pascu, G.: Istoria literaturii rom\u00e2ne din sec. XVIII (Ia\u015fi, 1927); Pascu, \u015et.: Transilvania \u00een lumina datelor geopolitice (Blaj, 1944); P\u0103curariu; P\u0103cli\u015fanu Z.: Un vechiu proces literar (Buc., 1935); Petru Maior (1755\u20131821) la centenarul mor\u0163ii sale (Buc., 1921); Petru Maior \u015fi iluminismul Europei Centrale (szerk. Sigmirean Cornel; Tg. M., 2011); Pint\u00e9r; Popa Traian : Monografia ora\u015fului Tg. Mure\u015f (Tg. M., 1932); Predescu; Predescu, Lucian: Istoria literaturii rom\u00e2ne (Buc., 1939); Profiluri reghinene; Protase, Maria.P. M. un ctitor de con\u015ftiine (Buc., 1973); Regh. cult. 8., 9.; Reghin-ghid; Reghin, Protopopiat; Reghin \u015fi \u00eemprejurimi; RNL; A rom\u00e1nok t\u00f6rt\u00e9nete (Bp., s.a.); Rosetti, Dimitrie : Dic\u0163ionarul contimporanilor (Buc., 1898); Szab\u00f3-Sz\u00f6gi; Szinnyei; \u015eerban 2006; Teren\u0163ie: P. Maior \u015fi unirea (Sibiu, 1921); Todea 2013; T\u00f3th Zolt\u00e1n, I.: Az erd\u00e9lyi rom\u00e1n nacionalizmus els\u0151 sz\u00e1zada (M\u00e1riabesny\u0151-G\u00f6d\u00f6ll\u0151, 2005); Transilvania; Turisztikai kalauz; Veress; VIL; Valori mure\u015fene de patrimoniu; Xenopol: Istoria rom\u00e2nilor din Dacia Traiana (Buc., 1925)<\/br><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Mez\u0151kapus, 1760 k., \u2020 Buda, 1821. febr. 14.: t\u00f6rt\u00e9n\u00e9sz, filol\u00f3gus, \u00edr\u00f3, g\u00f6r\u00f6g kat. esperes. \u2013 Apja M. Gheorghe esperes volt Ny\u00e1r\u00e1dt\u0151 k\u00f6rzetben, Mv.-en \u00e9lt, innen ker\u00fclt Mez\u0151kapusra pl\u00e9b\u00e1nosnak (1762). Mez\u0151kapuson t\u00f6lt\u00f6tte gyermek\u00e9veit, de gyakran tart\u00f3zkodott B\u00e1rdoson is, ahol apai nagyapja \u00e9s nagyn\u00e9nje lakott. Mv.-en a r. k. gimn\u00e1ziumban (1769\u201372), Kv.-on \u00e9s Bal\u00e1zsfalv\u00e1n tanult. R\u00f3m\u00e1ban a [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":[],"product_brand":[],"product_cat":[137],"product_tag":[],"class_list":{"0":"post-14390","1":"product","2":"type-product","3":"status-publish","5":"product_cat-maros-megyei-eletrajzi-lexikon","7":"first","8":"instock","9":"shipping-taxable","10":"product-type-simple"},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/uj.adatbank.ro\/lexikon\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/product\/14390","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/uj.adatbank.ro\/lexikon\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/product"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/uj.adatbank.ro\/lexikon\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/product"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/uj.adatbank.ro\/lexikon\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=14390"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/uj.adatbank.ro\/lexikon\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=14390"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"product_brand","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/uj.adatbank.ro\/lexikon\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/product_brand?post=14390"},{"taxonomy":"product_cat","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/uj.adatbank.ro\/lexikon\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/product_cat?post=14390"},{"taxonomy":"product_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/uj.adatbank.ro\/lexikon\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/product_tag?post=14390"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}